The Politics of Disablement. However, they posit that persons with disabilities are disabled more by their environment and other processes than their perceived impairments (Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation [UPIAS], 1976). Inclusive education places emphasis on all aspects of education, including the pedagogy, school culture and environments that promote inclusion. Knowledge 3, 97114. The HLSC therefore engages with the wider United Nations SDG structure at global and regional levels (Chaturvedi, 2021). Your source for IT solutions and innovations to support school-wide success. Geneva: World Health Organization. According to the Colleges of Education Act of 2012, Act 847, the process of preparing teachers in Ghana to teach at the basic school level takes place at the College of Education (CoE). There is nothing like seeing your students succeed. (2018). Educ. Produc. The curriculum of Colleges of Education in Ghana rightly states the need to identify barriers to learning and working with stakeholders to address these barriers, which is also listed in the student reflective journals. By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. 45, 175195. They are supposed to identify school facilities (e.g., football field, toilet, office space, tennis court, buildings etc. The social model stresses the removal of barriers to foster the inclusion of persons with disabilities in mainstream society (Shakespeare and Watson, 2010; Naami, 2014). Class sizes range from about 20 students to 45 or more. University culture and sustainability: designing and implementing an enabling framework. Geffen, R. (2013). The education of students with disabilities is affected by attitudinal, pedagogical, institutional, informational, and environmental accessibility barriers (World Health Organization, 2011; Nakua et al., 2017; Braun and Naami, 2021). Inclusion in the policy sets out to create an education system that is responsive to learner diversity and to ensure that all learners have the best possible opportunities to learn. The school environment, the classroom, lessons, class management and assessment are all limited regarding inclusivity of learners with disabilities. The sample comprised 37 Junior High School (JHS) pupils and one science teacher in Abelemkpe Junior High School in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The Jophus Anamuah-Mensah Educational Reform report (2007) presented the structure of education in Ghana to consist of two to threeyears of nursery school, six compulsory years of primary school, three compulsory years of junior high school and another threeyears of senior high school. (2015). The National Teacher Education Curriculum Framework (NTECF) sets out the four pillars and cross-cutting issues for the initial training of all teachers at the pre-tertiary level (Ministry of Education National, 2017). "Kids Today Are Entitled, Dangerous Brats", I can assure you that most of today's students are hardworking, fun-loving, eager-to-learn youngsters. Machado, C., and Davim, J. P. (2022). Teach. A Togo slippery frog rests in grass. J. Disabil. 5, 115. Paris: UNESCO. Received: 29 September 2022; Accepted: 16 January 2023; Published: 23 February 2023. 10, 7086. However, disability is not mentioned in the four learning outcomes of the equity and inclusivity of the cross-cutting pillar and their targets. Barnes, C. (1991). The case study as a serious research strategy. Clean. The former Editorial Director for both eSchool News and eCampus News, and was formerly the Managing Editor of eCampus News. She holds a B.A. The observation checklist and reflective journals do not make enough room for student teachers to self-reflect on disability, which could be a barrier to the education of persons with various forms of disabilities. Teaching should therefore involve the full participation of pupils. Disability under this framework is seen as an interface between body functioning, health conditions and contextual factors (World Health Organization, 2007). Interaction between the Components of ICF (World Health Organization, 2007). But the Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education (FCUBE) program was introduced in 1995 as part of efforts to fulfill UNESCOs mission of free universal education for all by 2015 (Akyeampong, 2009). Educ. The number of persons with disabilities is likely to grow as incidences such as chronic ailments, falls, injuries, conflicts, accidents, and aging continue to occur (Howard and Rhule, 2021; World Health Organization, 2021). Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Ghana: The truths beyond the Ghana, our work on SDGs in Ghana. The teacher in the observation checklist can indicate that he/she is an inclusive teacher but prejudices and discrimination against persons with disabilities could cloud their self-consciousness about persons with disabilities. The Social Model of Disability: Europe and the Majority World. Perhaps it would be a different matter if the conceptions of teaching were like those of NASA engineers: smart, genius! Yin, R. K. (2009). Misconception:Force is always in the direction of an object's motion.21 Transfer of Energy Concept: Objects come to the temperature of their surroundings. If your head doesn't explode upon hearing this comment, take the time to explain the endless lesson planning and grading teachers do after school, at home, and on the weekends. The Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET - IISTE The Curriculum Framework is aimed at preparing competent teachers, and against which all Teacher Education Curricula, including the 4-year Bachelor of Education (B.Ed. 5. UNESCOs formulation of the Global Education Cooperation Mechanism (GCM) is at the heart of the interconnectedness and intersectional efforts on SDG 4. Factors Affecting the Teaching and Learning of - University of Ghana 10 Tips and Truths of Living with a Teacher, A Chance to Build Meaningful Relationships with Students, Engaging Students during the Long Winter Months, 5 REALISTIC Ways for Teachers to Get Healthier This Year. Teachers teach on average 24 periods per week. The inclusive education policy acknowledges that: all children can learn irrespective of differences in age, gender, ethnicity, language, and disability. The promises and limitations of the SDG framework for inclusive education and students with disabilities in Grading Goal Four. In year one, student teachers are required to do classroom observations to enhance their learning. The author concluded that concept-changing texts were efficient in comprehension of photosynthesis and The SDGs Goal 4.5 explicitly mentions persons with disabilities. Attitudes and Disabled People. However, we think it's more accurate . There were storey buildings with no elevators, most of the entrances to the buildings were inhibited with steps and not ramps. "Teacher Unions Impede Education Reform". Ten common myths about teaching - eSchool News Teachers Standards for Ghana: Guidelines. Bentzen, L. (2015). A large number of pupils struggle to meet the proficiency cut-off point for English and Mathematics between grades four and six. Available at: https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/204336.pdf (Accessed May 10, 2022). London: University World News, The Global Window on Higher Education. 4 Articles, This article is part of the Research Topic, https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1056630, United Nations Educational, Scientific and cultural organization [UNESCO], 1994, United Nations Communications Groups [UNCG], 2017, United Nations Development Programme [UNDP], 2021, Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation [UPIAS], 1976, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2023.1056630/full#supplementary-material, https://www.ntu.eu/news-archive/the-importance-of-the-sustainable-development-goals/, http://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/upload/Ghana/Ghana%20Education%20Strategic%20Plan.pdf, http://www.voiceghana.org/downloads/MoE_IE_Policy_Final_Draft1.pdf, https://mofep.gov.gh/sites/default/files/news/Ghana-SDGs-Budget-Report-July-2019.pdf, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/21252030%20Agenda%20for%20Sustainable%20Development%20web.pdf, http://UNCT-GH-SDGs-in-Ghana-Avocacy-Messages-2017%20(5).pdf, https://ghana.un.org/en/about/about-the-un, https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/204336.pdf, http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/report.pdf, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs352/en/, Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), Department of Social Work, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. Unpublished thesis submitted to the University of Iceland. But unless they live with, or are close friends with, a teacher, it might be challenging to change their minds. Disabil. High. J. Furth. curriculum tasks student teachers to Identify school and student characteristics that act as barriers to learning. However, this statement is problematic as it is a wrong premise to understand barriers to learning for learners with disabilities. For instance, some Ghanaian teachers utilize proverbs and stories to contextualize their messages and some of these are negative toward persons with disabilities and teachers unconsciously make their statements without knowing that they are hurting some learners in the classroom. Copyright 2023 Naami and Mort. Agyire-Tettey, E. E., Naami, A., Wissenbach, L., and Schdler, J. If you're a teacheror if you've even thought about being a teacheryou've probably heard a few of these common misconceptions about teaching. Many attend mandatory professional development, and some work to get their master's degree. For example, in week five the learning activity for student teachers requires Observation of how socio-economic, cultural and linguistic backgrounds influence the way learners (a boy and a girl) learn. The statement above does not recognize disability as one of the backgrounds that influences learning. Disability inclusiveness requires care and proper planning, but that is not emphasized in the curriculum of Colleges of Education in Ghana. You can also describe the numerous meetings and committee work you're involved in. For persons with disabilities, self-awareness is even more important given the socio-cultural and religious beliefs and practices that marginalize and discriminate against them and the resultant negative attitudes, stigma, discrimination, and exclusion and of persons with disabilities in all spheres of life (Kassah et al., 2012; Adjei et al., 2013; Dugbartey and Barimah, 2013; Naami, 2019). on the eve of Ghana's independence and charged with the "dissemination of truthful unbiased news". Before working at eSchool Media, Meris worked as an assistant editor for The World and I, an online curriculum publication. Applying the SDGs Goal 4 as an analytical tool inclusion and equality issues in the training of student teachers. PDF Evaluating Students' Misconceptions of Photosynthesis and Respiration In all one hundred and seventy-one (171) students participated in the study. There is nothing like hearing a former student tell you about the positive change you've made in their life. Persons with disabilities continue to lag in education, which affects their employment and income and overall well-being. Beyond 2015, within the modern/colonial global imaginary? By submitting you will receive emails from Hey Teach! In Ghana, a considerable milestone has been the integration of the SDGs into the medium-term development of Ghana. My students have gone on to become doctors, nurses, legislators, activists, business owners, musicians, social workers, and yesteachers. I created a meme about the misconception, and almost immediately, a former classmate of mine wrote, "It also makes it almost impossible to get rid of bad teachers.". 3. doi: 10.21083/ajote.v3i2.2728. B. Available at: https://ghana.un.org/en/about/about-the-un (Accessed August 10, 2022). Central Region of Ghana. Available at: https://mofep.gov.gh/sites/default/files/news/Ghana-SDGs-Budget-Report-July-2019.pdf. (2014). doi: 10.54674/ess.v32i2.288. The policy defines inclusion in its broadest sense as ensuring access and learning for all children: especially those disadvantaged from linguistic, ethnic, gender, geographic or religious minority, from an economically impoverished background as well as children with special needs including those with disabilities. Royal Geographical Society - Resources for schools curriculum is used by Colleges of Education and other Universities offering education programs, as it was collaboratively produced by four teacher education universities with senior members of Colleges of Education (Ministry of Education National, 2017). She was also awarded the 2011 Massachusetts Commonwealth Award in Creative Leadership, and in 2007 was named a member of the 2007 USA Today All-Teacher Team. The aim of the study is to develop an understanding of the kinds and sources errors and misconceptions that characterise students' learning of school algebra. In 2015, Ghana developed an inclusive education policy with an overarching goal of fostering equitable access to education for all children. Yin emphasized that a single-case design could be selected because of its criticalness, extremeness, typicalness, revelatory power, or longitudinal possibility (Yin, 1994). How anthropomorphism hinders AI education - Raspberry Pi Foundation It was the first news agency . Tertiary institutions such as universities, Colleges of Education and nursing training institutions have been recognized as drivers toward achieving the SDGs particularly, SDG 4, considering the formative roles they play in molding the future of young people in countries (Machado and Davim, 2022). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. The Inclusive Policy also sets out to facilitate and enable education structures, systems, and methodologies to meet the needs of all children; and it is a good attempt to promote an inclusive society. The aim of this module is to introduce students to the huge variation in geography that exists within the complex continent of Africa Key Stage Three, Module, Global perspectives, geopolitics and development, Urbanisation, migration and society Sections Overview Africa: scale and diversity Dealing with common misconceptions of Africa This view has gained currency among several scholars (Adams et al., 2018; Leal Filho et al., 2019; Stein et al., 2019). United Nations [UN]. Avoiding anthropomorphism helps young people to open the closed box of AI applications. The requirements for a qualified teacher include all of the skills needed for the 21st-century workplace. Mary Montag, teacher, St. Teresas Academy. Stay up-to-date with the latest edtech tools, trends, and best practices for classroom, school and district success. Systematic random sampling was used. 12, 2832. Access of the surroundings of the classroom and school facilities should be target for reflection given that inaccessible school environment affects learning outcomes (Moria and Morgado, 2018; Braun and Naami, 2021). Maternal hypertensive mother's knowledge, attitudes and misconceptions "Education 2030: Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action: Towards Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education and Lifelong Learning for All, UNICEF. The SDGs target 4.8 outlines the need to build and upgrade educational facilities that are disability sensitive. New York: World Rehabilitation Fund. The National Teacher Education Curriculum Framework, (NTECF): The Essential Elements of Initial Teacher Education. The policy (2015, p. 6) defines a child with special educational needs [SEN] as: a child with disability, namely, visual, hearing, locomotor, and intellectual impairments. But the policy extends the concept SEN to cover those who are failing in school, for a wide variety of reasons that are known to be barriers to a childs optimal progress in learning and development. The achievement of one goal leads to achieving another goal (Bentzen, 2015; United Nations Communications Groups [UNCG], 2017; United Nations Development Programme [UNDP], 2021). (2018). (2018a). We suggest that questions on disability are directly asked. I was shocked that my Facebook friend didn't understand teacher tenure either, so I posted its legal definition. Misconceptions are often deeply held, largely unexplained, and sometimes strongly defended. 9, 8695. Stay up-to-date with the latest edtech tools, trends, and best practices for classroom, school and district success. - Improve education and training needs of teachers. It further does not recognize learners with disabilities as a targeted category for student reflection. It can deliver greater immersive learning for students while also creating some new and exciting teaching opportunities. Ironically, the final question suggests the above reflections would have been helpful to increase disability sensitivity and inclusion. Also, the B.Ed. Edulearn19 Proc. Further reading: A Chance to Build Meaningful Relationships with Students, 5. Misconceptions previously reported include the interpretation of warning signs of pre-eclampsia as a normal occurrence during pregnancy. So, when they go out, they will observe the teacher to see if they are exhibiting these qualities. One College of Education in the southern sector of Ghana was the site for the study. Attitudinal barriers are cited as major barriers to the inclusion of persons with disabilities in all spheres of life in Ghana (Kassah et al., 2012; Adjei et al., 2013; Dugbartey and Barimah, 2013; Naami, 2014). The construction of SDG4: reconciling democratic imperatives and technocratic expertise in the making of global education data? in World Yearbook of Education 2021. eds. Welcome to the Ministry of Education Changing Ghana Through Education. Each period lasts 45 minutes and each grade is expected to receive an average of 45 periods of instruction a week covering all subjects (nine periods a day for all subjects). Ghana is no exception. Mundial, Grupo Banco, and UNICEF. Ghanas 2019 SDGs Budget Report. Attitudes towards inclusive education in africa scale (ATIAS): an instrument to measure teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education for students with disabilities. These outcomes were: Year one: awareness of self and learners as unique individuals, Year two: teachers values and attitudes impacting on pupils learning, how diversity impacts on learning, Year three: being a team member, co-teaching, and co-planning, planning for individualized instruction, Year four: teaching all learners; learners, school, and community. Oliver, M. (1990). Harlow: Longman. doi: 10.21125/edulearn.2019.1906. 27, 689701. One of the key roles of the HLSC is to ensure the systematic alignment of approaches for education-related targets within the wider United Nations SDG structure. Afr. In a world where competition for jobs, pay increases, and academic success continues to increase, certifications offer hope to candidates and educators. Ghana Statistical Service. The metaverse is a tool that blends experiences typically associated with either the virtual or physical worlds. The estimated number of persons with disabilities could be underestimated due the multiple layers of issues surrounding disability data collection, including attitudinal issues, disability definition, access to persons with disabilities, mode of reporting disability, that is, self-reporting (people may not report disability, especially those that are not very visible) some of which are concealed from public view due to stigma. Copyright 2023 eSchoolMedia & eSchool News. Or maybe like those of firefighters: brave, self-sacrificing! Amandas Ong. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. The Supplementary material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2023.1056630/full#supplementary-material, Adams, R., Martin, S., and Boom, K. (2018). But the section seems to relate more to learners with learning difficulties. Ethn. The policy sets an agenda of child friendly schools, which implies schools in Ghana ought to look out for children; that is child-seeking and again they should focus attention on children; that is, schools should be child-centered. This assertion is also emphasized in Article 24 of the CRPD. ed. Yes, this is what we want the students to know. "Teachers Have a Cushy Schedule", "Teachers have an easy schedule" is a frequently heard misconception, often followed by, "you're home by 3 p.m., and you've got weekends off." (2015). Available at: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/21252030%20Agenda%20for%20Sustainable%20Development%20web.pdf (Accessed July 29, 2022). World Conference on Special Needs Education: Access and Quality. London: Chartered Society of Physiotherapy London. The findings relating to the equity and inclusivity cross-cutting pillar of the curriculum is that emphasis is placed more on gender rather than disability inclusion. If you're a teacheror if you've even thought about being a teacheryou've probably heard a few of these common misconceptions about teaching. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.07.034, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar. I explained that teachers must advocate for students and how that can often get them in trouble with administration, but tenure protects them. Government of Ghana. I explained that tenure is a right to due process, so a teacher can't be fired without the administration presenting evidence that the teacher was incompetent or unprofessional. Thus, there should be more exercises to enable the student teachers to strengthen their reflection on disability to improve acceptance of persons with disabilities. Dis. See response below: Whatever course that they take, we have components of misconceptions. Yin, R. K. (1981). The government has found the SDGs to align with the current national vision of Ghana Beyond Aid, a long-term economic and social transformation strategy for national development (Republic of Ghana, 2019). Particularly, the target 4.5 calls for the elimination of gender disparities and inequities in education, specifically highlighting the need to ensure access to education for persons with disabilities. (2019). Available at: https://www.ntu.eu/news-archive/the-importance-of-the-sustainable-development-goals/ (Accessed May 3, 2022). The interview with the key informant was done in English, conducted in the participants office, and lasted for an hour. PDF Students' Misconceptions about Visual Arts and Technical in the Study Stein, S., de Oliveira Andreotti, V., and Sua, R. (2019). World Health Organization. Industrial Attachment: Perspectives, Conceptions and Misconceptions of CBR Incl. Educ. 23, 15. Consistent with Ghanas commitment to ensuring that all children are given the opportunity to exercise their rights through inclusive education, it ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Article 6 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and Article 7 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), and the Dakar Framework for Action. World Health Organization. Stud. Most teachers I know work other jobs during the summer months. Although the students are also asked to find out if there were students with learning needs in the classroom, and whether the teacher provided support and the kind of support provided.
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